What does “hyperechoic” indicate in ultrasound imaging?

• A. Tissues that absorb sound waves, appearing darker
• B. Tissues that reflect more sound waves, appearing brighter
• C. Fluid-filled structures that show no reflections
• D. Gas-filled spaces that create artifacts

Answer: (B)

The term "hyperechoic" in ultrasound imaging refers to tissues that reflect a greater amount of sound waves compared to surrounding structures, which causes those tissues to appear brighter on the ultrasound image. This increased brightness is primarily due to the higher density and echogenicity of the hyperechoic tissues, which enhances their ability to scatter and return ultrasound waves to the transducer.

For example, structures such as fibrous tissue, calcifications, or certain tumors can be classified as hyperechoic. Their presentation on an ultrasound can provide valuable information regarding the nature and composition of the tissues being examined. Understanding the echogenic properties of tissues allows sonographers to differentiate between various types of structures and make more informed assessments during examinations.